Bathory was formed in Stockholm in 1983. Founder Quorthon, a seventeen-year-old guitarist, was joined by bassist Hanoi and drummer Vans. After various name changes (beginning with Nosferatu, then Natas, Mephisto, Elizabeth Bathory and Countess Bathory) they finally settled on Bathory[1]. Their first recording deal came that same year, when Quorthon managed to secure the consent of Tyfon Grammofon's boss, who was the main man's father, to record two tracks for the compilation Scandinavian Metal Attack. The tracks which he recorded gained unexpected attention by fans.[citation needed] Soon afterward, Tyfon Grammofon contacted Quorthon and asked him to record a full-length album.

Although Venom's Black Metal, released in 1982, was the first record to coin the term, it was Bathory's early albums, featuring Satanic lyrics, low-fi production and an inhuman vocal style, that defined the genre. Many fans have speculated that Venom was an influence on Bathory;[2] however Quorthon has said in an interview with Kick Ass magazine in 1985 that he only heard of Venom after the first Bathory album was released. He also expressed dislike for many influential and popular heavy metal bands at the time, such as Iron Maiden and Judas Priest.[citation needed] He has also stated that the band's early work was influenced primarily by Black Sabbath, Motörhead and punk rock.

Bathory's self-titled debut album, and the subsequent releases, The Return and Under the Sign of the Black Mark, are now regarded as major influences on the Norwegian bands which extended black metal's musical progression and popularity in the beginning of the 1990s.[citation needed]

The first signs of what was to follow appeared on what many fans[citation needed] consider to be Bathory's best album, Blood Fire Death, on which some of the tracks the pace had slowed down to allow for a more epic songwriting approach, said to be an influence on, or initiation of, the extreme metal sub-genre viking metal. It was also here that the Viking theme was introduced. However, most of the musical elements of black metal were still present.

Viking metal years (1990s, 2000s)

It was with the release of Hammerheart that Bathory surprised many of its fans.[citation needed] The style had now drastically changed towards less aggressive, more epic and atmospheric music; the lyrics dealt with themes about Vikings and Norse mythology. Partially influenced by the American power metal band Manowar, who were the most famous heavy metal band to incorporate elements of Epic Mythology in their music, Bathory had shifted away from their Satanic Metal roots, to become pioneers in yet another genre within the world of extreme music - that of Viking metal. The style of Hammerheart was further demonstrated on the subsequent Twilight of the Gods and Blood on Ice.

With Requiem, released in 1994, Bathory changed style once more, this time turning to retro-thrash in the vein of 1980s Bay area thrash bands. In recent years, many critics[citation needed] have seen Bathory's output as increasingly erratic, as the band has returned again to Viking themes and, with the Nordland albums of 2002 and 2003, largely abandoned the retro-thrash sound of the mid-1990s in favour his more popular, more epic style for which he is best known.[citation needed]

Bathory have been cited as an influence[citation needed] by musicians as diverse as Metallica, Marilyn Manson, Cradle of Filth, Eric Hoffman and Brian Hoffman of Deicide, Black Crucifixion, Beherit, Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins, Opeth and Dimmu Borgir. An early member of the band was Jonas Åkerlund, the music video and film director.[citation needed]

In June 2004, Quorthon was found dead in his home, apparently due to heart failure. He was known to suffer from heart problems in the past.

On June 3, 2006, Black Mark Records released a box set in tribute to Quorthon containing three CDs of his favorite Bathory and Quorthon songs, a 176 page booklet, a DVD with his long-form video for "One Rode to Asa Bay", an interview and some rare promo footage, and a poster.

Several Bathory tribute albums have been compiled by black metal artists, one of which was entitled In Conspiracy with Satan: A Tribute to Bathory.

In an interview Quorthon stated that he was not conscripted for Sweden's army because of his long hair.


Discography


Studio albums


* Bathory (1984)

* The Return of Darkness and Evil (1985)

* Under the Sign of the Black Mark (1987)

* Blood Fire Death (1988)

* Hammerheart (1990)

* Twilight of the Gods (1991)

* Requiem (1994)

* Octagon (1995)

* Blood on Ice (1996)

* Destroyer of Worlds (2001)

* Nordland I (2002)

* Nordland II (2003)


Compilation albums


* Touch of Death (Black Mark Records, BMCD26) (1992)

* Jubileum Volume I (1992)

* Jubileum Volume II (1993)

* Jubileum Volume III (1998)

* Katalog (2003)

* In Memory of Quorthon


Music videos


* "One Rode to Asa Bay" (1990)


Members


* Quorthon (Ace Thomas Forsberg) - guitars, vocals, music and lyrics (1983-2004)

* Freddan (Fredrick Hanoi) - bass guitar (1983-1984)

* Jonas Åkerlund (Vans McBurger) - drums (1983-1984)

* Vvornth - drums (1989-1991)

* Kothaar - bass guitar (1989-1991)

* The Animal (Björn Kristensen) - vocals (1983)

VIKING METAL

El viking metal es un subgénero nacido del black metal con temas e influencias vikingas.
El viking metal toma como base el black metal, y en menor medida el folk metal. Una banda de viking metal es toda aquella cuyas letras trataran los temas típicos de este estilo: las costumbres vikingas, los guerreros vikingos, los berserkers, el ásatrú... El viking metal tiene más elementos diferenciadores y comunes, entre ellos están el frecuente uso de teclado, el cual amortigua de cierta forma el crudo sonido del black metal tradicional ayudando así a que la atmósfera creada sea menos maligna que la del black metal. El viking metal usa tiempos más relajados, llegando a ser épicos en ciertos momentos, que el black metal y los "blast beats" (batería acelerada clásica del black metal, en castellano significaría "ritmo relámpago") son menos frecuentes. De igual manera las influencias de la música folk son comunes sobre todo con violines y sonido de fondo de ruidos de naturaleza e incluso también de batallas, llevando esto a que los grupos de viking metal oscilen usualmente entre este estilo y el folk metal, siendo las diferencias, a veces, muy sutiles entre ambos estilos. El viking metal, en contraposición a otros movimientos como el black, no busca ambientes deprimentes ni solitarios, versa más bien sobre la épica, el ardor guerrero, las escenas tradicionales vikingas, el deseo de las expediciones, las fiestas cerveceras y otras temáticas menos lúgubres.
Historia Indudablemente Bathory son los pioneros del género. Fue a la mitad de su carrera, sobre el año 1990, cuando discos como Blood Fire Death o Hammerheart vieron la luz. Estos discos incorporaban unos ritmos más lentos que el trabajo anterior del grupo (Bathory es también uno de los pioneros en el black metal) y letras arraigadas en la mitología nórdica. Estos discos fueron influencia directa para grupos que debían llegar a mediados de los noventa como Falkenbach, Heidevolk, Svartsot, Equilibrium, Menhir, Odroerir, Ensiferum, Månegarm, Enslaved, Einherjer, Mithotyn, Turisas o Thyrfing. Fueron estos grupos los que dieron forma al estilo, añadiendo frecuentes coros de voces masculinas, influencias folk, etc. incluyendo un fuerte sabor vikingo. En el siglo XXI han aparecido numerosas bandas en todas partes del mundo, como Amon Amarth o Tyr, ejemplo de la fusión de Melodic Death Metal con temática vikinga, que han consolidado a un género que cada vez esta teniendo mayor protagonismo en el panorama metalero. De hecho, este género está empezando a influenciar con fuerza a bandas del resto del mundo, siendo claro ejemplo de ello la banda española Runic (Castellón), cuyo estilo oscila entre el Viking Metal y el Metal Pagano en general.
Subgéneros Celtic metal: tratan de temas de la mitología celta. Un grupo como ejemplo es Eluvietie.
Pagan metal: relacionados con temas paganos diferentes al cristianismo. Un ejemplo claro sería Thiasos Dionysos.
Troll metal: El troll metal es un subgénero que trata de troles, goblins y asuntos parecidos. Finntroll es una de las más famosas bandas de troll metal. Cuentan su odio hacia los cristianos, que son para ellos una plaga a erradicar.